A master's thesis at wasit University's School of Engineering discussed the membrane condensation of the HFL cooler on the outside of high-density fin tubes.

Jassim Khaled's stubborn letter aims to challenge global warming, which has motivated researchers to develop alternative materials for vehicles that contribute to the problem.

The study showed that R134a coolant (HFC134a) was identified as one of the most environmentally damaging gases as a result, the R1234yf radiator was used in air conditioning systems as an alternative to the R134a cooler, and the condensation heat transmission coefficient (HTC) for R1234yf and R134a coolants was measured on smooth and standard fin tubes in this study.